Penggunaan Pengurusan Grafik
Alat pengurusan grafik juga dikenali sebagai peta pengetahuan, peta konsep , peta cerita dan alat pengurusan kognitif. Ia merupakan alat komunikasi yang menggunakan simbol-simbol untuk menggambarkan pengetahuan, konsep, pemikiran, idea-idea dan juga hubungan antara mereka. Tujuan utama alat pengurusan grafik adalah untuk menyediakan bantuan visual bagi membantu pelajar berfikir.
Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect
Explaining the cause and effect of a historical event, such as World War I Analyzing the causes and effects of a decision or policy Explaining the causes and effects of a character’s actions
Cause_an d_Effect_Cha
Comparison Contrast
Comparing/contrasting causes and effects of two conflicts Comparing/contrasting two economic systems or political systems Comparing/contrasting two characters or people
Circle Diagram
Investigating the traits of a character in a story, a successful explorer, etc. Investigating the qualities of a geographic region or a setting in a story, etc. Investigating the events that make up a crisis, a conflict, etc
Cluster Diagram
Understanding prior knowledge of a key term or vocabulary word Understanding prior characteristics of a country or a group or people Narrowing a research topic
Concept/Event
Explaining an event, time period, etc. with the details of what happened, why it happened, who was involved, etc. Studying a person using details of who, what, when, where, why, and how Examining a process, such as making a decision, by identifying who is/was involved, what they do/did, why they make/made this decision, etc.
Controversial Issue
Examining two sides of an issue, such as censorship or global warming Developing persuasive arguments in a debate Listing arguments from both sides of a controversial issue in order to recognize opposing viewpoints
Conclusions Chart
Drawing conclusions about people, events, situations, and conditions such as:
the effects of a character’s decisions a leader’s effectiveness a law an economic system
Decision Chart
Identifying pros and cons and making decisions about issues and topics such as:
nationalism, population growth, industrialization, or immigration the use of psychological tests or lie detectors decision-making on a personal or group level
Determining Main Idea
Studying details about a topic, such as civil rights or inflation, to arrive at a main idea Using details about an event or a culture to arrive at a main idea Examining details about a topic, such as stages of memory or gender roles, to arrive at a main idea
Drawing Conclusions
Drawing a logical conclusion based on research Finding facts that support a conclusion, such as reasons for a war Understanding the motives of a person or group
Evaluation
Evaluating news reports to determine their validity Recognizing the quality of a writer’s work or of someone’s research Judging whether a leader is/was successful
Evaluation Pyramid
Evaluating the importance of actions, events, ideas, rules, etc., such as:
major international organizations the most important events in a novel reasons for the prosperity or downfall of a person or empire
Flow Chart
Explaining how a country changed over time, such as how Saudi Arabia changed after the discovery of oil, etc. Showing a series of actions, such as making a discovery Tracing how a goal was accomplished
Freeform Web
Brainstorming details about the main topic of a reading assignment Examining the effects of an action Identifying characteristics of a person or group
KWHLAQ Chart
Reading about historical figures, time periods, etc. Analyzing countries, regions, or settings in a novel Researching political issues, conflicts of interest, etc.
Main Ideas & Details
Identifying main ideas and details about characters in a story, events, time periods, etc. Forming main ideas and details about countries, regions, cities, etc. Understanding main ideas and details about social trends, governmental structures, etc.
Personal Thesaurus
Developing general academic vocabulary students will encounter in school Developing vocabulary, such as new words, key terms, place names, etc.
Persuasive Planner
Writing a letter to the editor of a newspaper Presenting a proposal to school officials Presenting an issue in a credible and logical way
+ve/-ve Chart
Evaluating the positives and negatives of positions on issues such as:
creating a new organization requiring all high school students to participate in community service changing the requirements for citizenship
Process/Cycle Chart
Understanding a political process, such as an election, the creation of laws, becoming a citizen, etc. Studying a cycle, such as the rock cycle or the sleep cycle Identifying a process, such as the decision-making process or the paper-making process
